That error makes it look like something (BlibBuild.exe) is getting corrupted during the download.
Maybe you could try downloading the unplugged installer ZIP file (you'll find a link on the installation page) and install from there. At least see if that works for you. If the error consistently mentions BlibBuild.exe then maybe something in your network is blocking it or EXEs in general.
You won't get automatic updates with the unplugged installer, but if the network installer isn't working for you, it may be your only option.
--Brendan